Tuesday, March 17, 2020

Common Birds: Indian Myna, Black Drongo, White throated Kingfisher, Blue Jay, Green Bee-eater


Indian Myna. Acridotheres tristis
Hin: Desi myna, Ass: Khalika

Size: Bulbul +. Pigeon - (= 9 inches).

Field Characters. A familiar perky, well-groomed dark brown bird with bright yellow bill, legs, and bare skin round eyes. A large white patch in wing conspicuous in flight. Sexes alike. Pairs or parties, about human habitations and on countryside.

Habits. A confirmed associate of man, following wherever he opens up new habitations.  

Food and feeding: Omnivorous. Eats fruits, insects, kitchen scraps. Follows the plough for earthworms etc., and attends on grazing cattle for the grasshoppers disturbed, side-hopping jauntily, and springing up in the air to capture them.

Call: Has a variety of sharp calls and chatter: a loud, scolding radio-rädio-rädio, and keek-keek-keek, kok-kok-kok, chur-chur, etc., uttered with the plumage frowzled and a ludicrous bobbing of the head.

Nesting.
Season: April to August.
Nest: A collection of twigs, roots, paper and rubbish in a hole in a tree, wall or ceiling.
Eggs: 4 or 5, glossy blue. Two broods often raised in succession. Both sexes share domestic duties.



Black Drongo or Crow. Dicrurus macrocercus
Hin: Bujanga, Ass: Phesu


Size: Bulbul ±.

Field Characters: A slim and agile glossy black bird with long, deeply forked tail. Sexes alike. Singly, on the open countryside and about cultivation.

Habits: A familiar bird of open country, usually perched on telegraph wires, or attending on grazing cattle.

Food and feeding: From exposed look-outs it keeps vigilant watch for grasshoppers and other insects. These are pounced upon and carried off, held under foot, torn to pieces and swallowed. It rides on the backs of grazing cattle and takes toll of the insects disturbed by the animals movements through the grass. Forest fires or fired grass patches invariably attract numbers of drongos for the same reason. Highly beneficial to agriculture by the vast quantities of injurious insects it destroys.

Call: A variety of harsh scolding or challenging calls are uttered.

Food: Insects; flower nectar also regularly eaten.

Nesting:
Season: Principally April to August.
Nest: a flimsy-bottomed cup of fine twigs and fibres cemented with cobweb; in fork at extremity of branch 12 to 30 ft up in large preferably standing alone in the open.
Eggs: 3 to 5, variable; mostly whitish with brownish red spots. Both sexes share all domestic duties and are bold in defense of their nest.

Online Resources


White throated Kingfisher. Halcyon smyrnensis
Hin: Kilkila

Size: Between Myna and Pigeon.

Field Characters: A brilliant turquoise-blue kingfisher with deep chocolate-brown head, neck and underparts, a conspicuous white ' shirt front ' and long, heavy, pointed red bill. A white wing-patch prominent in flight. Sexes alike. Singly, in cultivated and wooded country, both near and away from water.
 
Habits: The most familiar of our kingfishers and also the least dependent upon water. Seen at ponds, puddles, rain-filled ditches, inundated paddy fields and near the seashore, but also in light forest at considerable distances from water.

Food and feeding: Fish, tadpoles, lizards, grasshoppers and other insects. Occasionally also young birds and mice. From a favorite lookout on telegraph wire or post, it pounces down on creeping prey and flies off with it to another perch nearby where the victim is battered to death and swallowed.

Call: A loud cackling chiefly uttered in flight. Also, as a loud, not unmusical, frequently-repeated chattering song, delivered from a tree-top or some exposed elevated perch.

Nesting:
Season: Principally March to July.
Nest: typical of the kingfishers: in a horizontal tunnel dug into the side of a dry nullah or earth-cutting.
Eggs: 4 to 7, white, spherical. Both sexes excavate, incubate, and feed the young.

Online Resources


Roller or Blue Jay. Coracias benghalensis
Hin: Nilkant


Size: Pigeon.

Field Characters: A striking Oxford-and-Cambridge- blue bird, with biggish head, heavy black bill, rufous brown breast, and pale blue abdomen and under tail. The dark and pale blue portions of the wings show up as brilliant bands in flight. Sexes alike. Singly perched on telegraph wires etc., in open cultivated country.

Habits: Affects open cultivated country and light deciduous forest. Indulges in a spectacular courtship display, somersaulting and nosediving in the air to the accompaniment of harsh, grating screams.

Food and feeding: From a lookout on a telegraph wire or other point of vantage it pounces upon some large insect, frog or lizard on the ground, returning with it either to the same perch or flying leisurely across to another nearby. Here the quarry is battered to death and swallowed. Highly beneficial to agriculture since it destroys vast quantities of injurious insects.

Call: Has a variety of loud, raucous croaks and chuckles.

Nesting:
Season: Chiefly March to July.
Nest: A collection of straw, rags and rubbish in a natural tree-hollow at moderate heights; sometimes in a hole in wall of building.
Eggs: 4 or 5, glossy white roundish ovals.




Small Green Bee-eater. Merops orientalis 
Hin: Patringa



Size: Sparrow.

Field Characters: A dainty grass-green bird tinged with reddish brown on head and neck. Central pair of tail feathers prolonged into blunt pins. Slender, long, slightly curved bill. Conspicuous black ' necklace Sexes alike.

Habits: Pairs, or parties, in open country on telegraph wires, fence-posts, etc.  Inhabits open country, the neighbourhood of cultivation, forest clearings, fallow land, gardens, golf links, etc. Also partial to the zone above sandy beach along the seacoast.

Food and feeding: Insects, chiefly diptera and hymenoptera. Launches aerial sallies after bees etc., snapping them up in its bill and circling back gracefully on outstretched motionless wings to the perch, where the quarry is battered to death and swallowed.

Call: A pleasant jingling tit, tit or trilly tree-tree-tree constantly uttered on.the wing
or at rest. Large numbers collect to roost in favourite leafy trees, and much noise and flying around in rabbles precedes retirement for the night.

Nesting:
Season: Principally February to May.
Nest: A horizontal or oblique tunnel ending in a widened egg chamber, dug in the side of an earth-cutting, borrow-pit or in uneven sandy ground.
Eggs: 4 to 7, pure white, roundish ovals. Both sexes share in excavating net-tunnel and feeding young.

Images: https://www.birdsofindia.org/#!/sp/1210/Merops-orientalis

No comments:

Post a Comment